The article observes some of the important problems of formation of the system of psychological knowledge which is oriented towards the «Holly Paternal» Orthodox Christian Tradition. It is emphasized that such form of psychic reality description is equal in rights to the systems of description which exist in the academic psychological science. Reader’s attention is drawn to those aspects of study of psyche and internal world of a person which are not present in academic psychology but are revealed within Orthodox Christian anthropological and psychological tradition. First of all the matter concerns the sphere of studying of mystic religious experience, manifestations of human spirituality, nature and functioning of moral principles of the man, process of understanding of the highest spiritual senses of existence.