http://psy-journal.hse.ru en-us Copyright 2026 Thu, 19 Mar 2026 10:14:19 +0300 https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137300350.html https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137301377.html Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) is a tendency to respond to uncertain situations with a set of emotional, behavioral, and cognitive reactions. Studies have shown that IU may play a key role in the emergence and maintenance of a wide range of emotional disorders, especially anxiety disorders. The short version of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IUS-12) is widely used around the world; however, it has not yet been validated for Russian-speaking samples. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Russian version of the IUS-12. The sample consisted of 951 participants aged 18 to 63 years (M = 22.9; SD = 7.6), 698 females and 253 males. The results demonstrated that the IUS-12 has high test-retest reliability (N = 50) and strong internal consistency (N = 951). Correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations with measures of intolerance of ambiguity and interpersonal intolerance of ambiguity from the NTA questionnaire, as well as with the anxiety, depression, and stress scales of the DASS-21. A negative correlation was found with the tolerance of ambiguity scale (NTA). A bifactor model with one general factor and two specific factors (inhibitory and prospective components of intolerance of uncertainty) showed the best fit to the data. Thus, we conclude that the IUS-12 is a reliable tool for assessing intolerance of uncertainty in Russian-speaking samples. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137301568.html Ambiguity intolerance is a relatively new psychological phenomenon, which manifests its relevance in the conditions of instability of the modern world. Intolerance to ambiguity that is often not distinguished with the intolerance to uncertainty, refers to an individual's predisposition to react aversely to ambiguous situations. This tendency manifests across three domains: cognitively, through dichotomous (black-and-white) thinking; affectively, through experiences of anxiety and discomfort; and behaviorally, through the avoidance of ambiguous scenarios. This study aims to fill the existing gap in methodological development of this phenomenon in the Russian context. The aim was to identify psychometric characteristics and adapt the Short Ambiguity Intolerance Scale (SAIS-7) on a Russian sample. The study involved 2,709 respondents aged between 18 and 87 years (M = 34.27, SD = 14.73) with different sociodemographic characteristics. Confirmatory factor analysis found the final (ex post) model of the scale, having a single-factor structure in which the indices of consent best meet the original data after adding links between errors of variables: CMIN = 100.909; df = 12; p = .000; GFI = .974; CFI = .990; RMSEA = .052; Pclose = .325. The results of the study allow us to establish acceptable indicators of the internal reliability and convergence. The identified patterns support that the Short Ambiguity Intolerance Scale (SAIS-7) is a reliable and robust tool, extending the scope for empirical studies on the intolerance to ambiguity, including cross-cultural design. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137301906.html Despite the ongoing urgency of the problem of child-parent relations and their impact on the development of a child's personality, there is a notable lack of valid and reliable Russian-language instrument for assessing parenting styles. The objective of this study is to develop a Russian-language adaptation of the P-PASS questionnaire, which measures perceived autonomy support and parental control (Mageau et al., 2015), and is based on the self-determination theory. Participants included university students (N = 728, Mage = 20.03, SD = 2.03, 82% female) and high school students (N = 251, Mage = 16.38, SD = 0.66, 53% female). Test-retest reliability was assessed with 92 additional university students. A correlation design was used with a survey of participants using the Russian version of the P-PASS questionnaire and questionnaires assessing subjective well-being, satisfaction of basic psychological needs and academic motivation. The Russian version of P-PASS demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's values exceeded .79) and confirmed the expected factor structure. The validity of the scales is evidenced by the associations of autonomy-supportive and controlling parental styles with the indicators of well-being, satisfaction of basic psychological needs in the family, intrinsic motivation and various types of extrinsic motivation. University students and high school students who rate their parents as autonomy-supportive are more satisfied with their family relationships and their lives, they are happier and have a higher intrinsic academic motivation with a lower external motivation and amotivation. The developed Russian version of P-PASS questionnaire is a valid and reliable measure for assessing autonomy-supportive and controlling parenting. It can be used both by researchers and practitioners to measure perceived parenting styles. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137302030.html One of the most effective forms of parental involvement in children's education is when parents actively communicate the value of schooling and a positive attitude toward it. For this to happen, they need to be satisfied with the quality of schooling, which depends on how well the school meets their expectations, among which well-being at school holds a central place. Most tools for measuring parental satisfaction are based on marketing models, which may not fully reflect the specific features of the educational context. This article presents a methodology for developing an instrument to assess parental expectations and satisfaction with schools, grounded in Self-Determination Theory relevant in education. The Well-being Expectations and Satisfaction Questionnaire (WESQ) was specifically developed for this study. The article provides analysis of data obtained from a sample of 1,568 parents in Russia. WESQ includes two reliable scales: the Expectations Scale (α = .96) and the Satisfaction Scale (α = .96). Each scale consists of 20 items; parents are asked to rate their satisfaction only for expectations they previously endorsed. IRTree modeling revealed that parents were most likely to endorse expectations related to relatedness, and were least likely to endorse those related to autonomy. A similar pattern was observed in satisfaction ratings. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified four distinct clusters of parents. This is the first study to apply Self-Determination Theory to operationalize parental expectations regarding school and to assess parental satisfaction in this context. The study introduces and validates a new instrument. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137302134.html The human-city relationship phenomenon is currently a focus of research interest, driven by the relevance of local patriotism studies. Its heterogeneous conceptualization demands novel constructs and measurement approaches for improved citizen behavior prediction. The article substantiates the need to study commitment to the city, proposes a questionnaire of the same name, verifies it, and determines normative values for different age groups. The study sample consisted of 1,760 Omsk residents: 1,184 women (67.3%) and 576 men (32.7%): 414 people aged 14–17 (23.5%), 1,145 – 18–24 years old (65.1%), and 201 (11.4%) 25 years and older. Data processing methods: descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson, Cronbach, Welch, Fornell-Larcker criteria. A large-scale sample was used to confirm the three-factor structure of the questionnaire, which reveals the structure of commitment to the city through its components — loyalty, involvement, identification. The internal consistency of the methodology as a whole and its individual scales was proven, and the levels of commitment to the city (low, medium, high and very high) were determined taking into account the structure and identified age specificity. The created tool, which has passed all the necessary psychometric tests, can be used for prompt assessment of the attitude of residents to their city, identification of migration risk groups, development of programs to enhance local patriotism of young people. The prospects for studying commitment to the city are associated with the inclusion of residents of other territories of Russia, studying the relationship with various psychological variables and socio-demographic factors. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137302220.html The study was conducted to identify the links between maladaptive personality subordination in virtual environment, and individual and personality traits in young people. It involved 646 people aged 14 to 40. The psychodiagnostic toolkit consisted of a questionnaire "The level and types of maladaptive subordination of personality in virtual environment" by T.V. Belykh, E.B. Knyazev, A.A. Sharov, V.V. Belykh; a questionnaire of youth confidence in the virtual environment by T.V. Belykh, E.B. Knyazev, A.A. Sharov, V.V. Belykh; a test to determine the degree of suggestibility by E. Merzlyakova; questionnaire “Study of the psychological structure of temperament” by B.N. Smirnov; a measure of the level of impulsivity by V.A. Losenkov; questionnaire “Index of virtualization of personality of an Internet user of social services” by E.O. Rasina; Questionnaire for the diagnosis of irrational attitudes by A. Ellis; questionnaire “Diagnosis of subjectivity” by E.N. Volkova. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the R programming language (ver. 4.3.3) in the RStudio IDE (2025.05.0 + 496). Multivariate unidimensional and multidimensional PERMANOVA analyses were performed. Point-biserial correlation, Spearman rank correlation, and the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test were used for independent samples (with Holm-Bonferroni correction for p-values), and nonparametric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) was performed. Maladaptive subordination in a virtual environment has specific connections with both individual characteristics (gender, age, and temperament) and personality traits that reflect the qualitative features of subjectivity, irrational attitudes, the degree of involvement in virtual interactions, and trust in information, its source, and the process of virtual communication. The obtained data reveal the presence of linear and probabilistic, non-linear connections in the structure of individual and personal properties in young people who are prone to displaying maladaptive submissiveness in situations of virtual interpersonal interaction, as well as the nature of these connections depending on gender and the type of maladaptive submissiveness formed. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137302286.html The article addresses a key theoretical gap between the rich empirical field of financial behavior research, focused on establishing correlations, and personality theories capable of uncovering their underlying psychological mechanisms. Its objective is to develop and theoretically substantiate a model explaining the determination of financial behavior through the concept of personality adaptations within transactional analysis. The methodological foundation is a synthesis of the model of six personality adaptations (Ware, Kahler) with their script origins (Stewart, Joines), which allows moving beyond trait description to the analysis of dynamic patterns. This synthesis is integrated with the classical three-component model of attitude (cognitive, affective, behavioral components). The method of theoretical reconstruction enabled the deduction of the financial manifestations of the adaptations. The main results are as follows: 1) an explanatory pattern is developed: “personality adaptation → basic belief / key need → configuration of financial attitude (symbolic meaning of money, racket feelings, behavioral strategies) → financial behavior”; 2) a detailed typology is presented. For each of the six adaptations (“Creative Dreamer”, “Brilliant Skeptic”, “Charming Manipulator”, “Playful Rebel”, “Responsible Workaholic”, “Overreacting Enthusiast”), the specific symbolic meaning of money, the dominant affective background, and stable patterns in the areas of saving, spending, investment, planning, and attitude towards debt are described. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the systematic application of transactional analysis framework to build an explanatory model in economic psychology, offering a script-based, rather than correlational, understanding of financial choices. Thus, the model sets a new perspective for research, shifting the question from "what is related?" to "why is it related?". The work opens prospects for the empirical verification of the model and its practical application in differentiated psychological and financial counseling. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137302342.html The article discusses current issues of the history of psychology. The link between the solution of the issue of the emergence of scientific psychology with the accepted type of rationality (classical, nonclassical, post-nonclassical) and the criteria of scientific knowledge is considered. The changes in views on the scientific method in the history of psychology are traced. The methodological foundations of modern research on the history of psychology are the object of special attention. The question about the relation of the history of psychology to historical and psychological disciplines is raised. Different understandings of the relation between the disciplines of general psychology and the history of psychology, the relation of the subject of the history of psychology to the subject of psychology as a whole are presented in A.N. Zhdan’s and V.A. Koltsova’s approaches. The concepts of the history of science existing in Russian psychology — A.N. Zhdan’s history of psychology as the formation of its subject and M.G. Yaroshevsky’s categorical approach — and their accordance with views of modern psychological methodologists are analyzed. The polemic of monists and pluralists on the subject of psychology as well as various monistic solutions of this issue (E.E. Sokolova, V.D. Shadrikov, V.A. Mazilov) are discussed. The possibility of understanding the inner world of a person as the subject of psychology (V.D. Shadrikov, V.A. Mazilov) is problematized as inconsistent with modern tendencies in the development of the psyche, which are characterized by close intertwining with external technical means (digital technologies). The author suggests her own understanding of the subject of psychology, taking into account, on the one hand, the unity of psychological science, and on the other, the multiplicity of mental phenomena and research subjects. It is the concept of being of the psychic. The integrative nature of the conceptual apparatus of modern psychology in comparison to the basic categories by M.G. Yaroshevsky is stated. The problem of units of analysis of the history of psychology at different stages of its development as well as the transformation of the concept of a scientific school during the “closed fracture” (D.A. Leontiev) are considered. The possibilities and limitations of using artificial intelligence in research in the history of psychology are discussed. The importance of the development of comprehending thinking in the history of psychology as distinct from calculating thinking is emphasized. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137302444.html Despite the fact that there is a wide range of studies in the foreign scientific literature that demonstrate the relationship between individual psychological characteristics and museum visiting practices, the contribution of these personality traits is typically studied in isolation. This approach limits our understanding of the role of the holistic organization of personality, which is manifested in specific combinations of traits. This leads to the main research question: What are the features of latent personality profiles among young people who frequently and rarely engage with new media art in museums? The study sample consisted of students (N = 342) aged 16 to 25 years. The following variables were measured using psychodiagnostic tools: art interest, engagement with beauty, aesthetic experience, empathy, attitude towards technology, moral and ethical responsibility of the personality. The data was processed using latent profile analysis, robust variance analysis, and multivariate logistic regression. As a result of the analysis, 4 personality profiles were identified in a sample of young people who often and rarely visit museums: “Indifferent”, “Responsive and receptive”, “Emotionally engaged seekers of transcendent experiences”, “Experts and analysts” and the key socio-demographic predictor determining belonging to a particular profile turned out to be the respondents' professional involvement in the field of art. The results obtained can be used by museum and gallery managers, curators, and marketers to create targeted communication strategies and cultural products that appeal to new audiences and retain the loyalty of existing visitors. This is possible by taking into account the psychological profiles of visitors. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137302606.html There has been a noticeable increase in the prevalence of mental health issues, prompting research into the relationship between mental health and people's implicit theories about their intelligence, or their mindsets. This study investigated the relationships between mindset, well-being, and depressive symptoms. A positive relationship between a fixed mindset and depressive symptomatology (H1) was hypothesised. Additionally, H2 assumed that well-being and mindset were good predictors of depressive symptomatology. The study comprised a sample of 874 users of the Slovene online platform 'Positive Psychology for a Better Life'. The online survey included measures of mindset (the Revised Implicit Theories of Intelligence (Self-Theory) Scale), well-being (the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form [MHC-SF]), and depressive symptomatology (the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale [CES-D]). The results showed a positive correlation between a fixed mindset and depressive symptomatology, thus supporting H1. To test whether well-being and mindset are good predictors of depressive symptomatology, discriminant analysis was performed. There was a significant effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The model correctly classified 76.9% of participants based on their personal and social antecedents of well-being and mindset, as measured by CES-D scale scores, so H2 was also supported. In conclusion, mindset is reflected in one's perception of mental health. Therefore, it is crucial to create growth mindset initiatives and curricula in education. Our analysis shows that the MHC-SF and Implicit Self-Theory scales are adequate for predicting depression in Positive Psychology Platform users. These findings could stimulate future research in this area. https://psy-journal.hse.ru/en/2026-23-1/1137302794.html Utilizing the transformational approach of trust development and the social information processing theory, this research aims to shed light on the unique employee groups (profiles) identified through their affect- and cognition-based interpersonal trust and the relationships of these profiles with the sense of the inclusive behavior of leaders by contrasting two different countries (i.e., the USA and Russia). Methods. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on a sample of 500 employees from IT companies. Opt-in study participant recruitment was utilized through snowball/quota sampling techniques. The study employs latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression. Three profiles were obtained based on the cognitive and affective foundations of interpersonal trust, differentiated by employee experience of low-medium-high trust relationships. The low-level profile mostly consisted of females, working less than one year remotely and having quite rare face-to-face communication with immediate supervisors. The result showed that the openness and availability of leaders were more powerful behavioral manifestations for subordinates from this interpersonal trust profile, whereas all three inclusive leadership behaviors (openness, accessibility, and availability) influenced employee membership in the high-level profile for those who were in the medium-level sub-group. Depending on the country context, the openness of leaders led to membership in the profile with the highest values of interpersonal trust. Based on these insights, the study makes methodological contributions to the literature of organizational behavior. The findings are useful for understanding the dynamics of social interactions and developing strategies to enhance interpersonal trust between supervisors and subordinates.